Which bias is illustrated by appraisal trainees from the same ethnic group being favored in hiring?

• A. In-group bias
• B. Out-group bias
• C. Confirmation bias
• D. Stereotyping

Answer: (A)

In-group bias is the tendency to favor members of one's own social group. When appraisal trainees from the same ethnic background are favored in hiring, it shows preferential treatment toward people perceived as part of the same group. This happens because people identify with their group and want to support its members, often unconsciously. The other options don’t fit this scenario: out-group bias would favor those outside the group; confirmation bias involves seeking information that confirms preconceptions rather than selecting hires based on group membership; stereotyping refers to applying broad beliefs about a group to individuals, not specifically to favoring in-group members in hiring.