According to social scientist Erin Mayer, which of these areas of the globe prefers "linear time," i.e., they expect business appointments to happen on time?

• A. East Asia
• B. Sub-Saharan Africa
• C. South America
• D. Northern Europe

Answer: (D)

Time orientation in cultures shapes how strictly people stick to schedules. In linear time (monochronic cultures), appointments are treated as precise commitments, agendas guide the day, and being on time is a sign of professionalism and respect. Northern Europe exemplifies this approach: business meetings tend to start exactly when scheduled, tasks are handled in order, and deadlines are expected to be met. This contrasts with regions that are more flexible with time, where relationships and context can influence scheduling, and punctuality may be viewed more loosely. Therefore, Northern Europe is the area that most clearly aligns with linear time and on-time business appointments.